Forage Programs with AK Nutrition Consultant Fredy Urquia

In this episode of the AK Podcast, Mike Donaldson and Fredy Urquia delve into the intricacies of dairy nutrition and management. They discuss various approaches to nutrition programs based on geographical differences, focusing on corn silage and alfalfa as key components of dairy rations. Fredy shares his extensive experience in the dairy industry, particularly in Idaho and Mexico, highlighting the challenges of sourcing quality forage and the importance of adapting nutrition strategies to available resources. The conversation also touches on the implications of using BMR corn silage and the unique challenges faced by dairymen in Mexico, where water scarcity and high feed costs complicate operations. The episode concludes with insights into creating ideal rations for dairy cows, emphasizing the need for quality over quantity in forage production.

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Transcript

Chris Radke (00:02)
Welcome to AK Podcast where we explore science and nutrition behind livestock care and management with the best and the brightest in the business. I'm your host, Chris Radke, part of the sales department here at Agri-King. And with me today, and I think he's in his normal location, is a director of field services and a member of the sales management team, Mr. Mike Johnson. Mike, how you doing buddy?

Mike Donaldson (00:22)
Yeah, really well, Chris. Not only am I back home, I'm in my home studio, but we have an official mascot now. Someone sent me a cow that, know, maybe we'll take suggestions on her name or something, but right now I just thought it was kind of funny to have there in the background. So, no, all good.

Chris Radke (00:29)
I noticed that. ⁓ I love that.

Fredy Urquia (00:33)
Nice.

Chris Radke (00:42)
Yeah, I love that. Cool, cool.

Hey, Mike, what are we talking about today and who's with us?

Mike Donaldson (00:49)
Well, Chris, today we're going to do an episode and we're going to talk about, start talking about the different approaches dairies can take to their nutrition program, depending on where they're located and how they want to farm their land, essentially. ⁓ What we want to talk about today, we're joined by Agri-King nutrition consultant, Fredy Urquia and we're going to talk about corn silage and

predominantly alfalfa or at least a perennial approach to the hay crop. Fredy, thank you so much for being here. Could you give us some of your background and a little bit of information about you?

Fredy Urquia (01:30)
Thanks Mike. Yes, I'm happy to be here. So since you're talking about your background there and you show your cow, I want to show this picture here. This was painted by my wife. that's really nice. So yeah, I'm happy to be here. I hope I can bring some valuable information and well, let's talk about a little bit where I come from. So I've been in the industry for 28 years. I started in Mexico.

Mike Donaldson (01:39)
Yeah

That's a good one.

Fredy Urquia (01:59)
⁓ on the central north region of Mexico which is very similar to what you will find in the panhandle of Texas or New Mexico. Not quite Arizona, not arid as Arizona but ⁓ kind of the same ⁓ desert ⁓ where ⁓ cows are established in Mexico, the name of the city is Torreón. ⁓ I was there for

15 years. I also on that time I was traveling to Saudi Arabia and working for Almarai. That's Phoenix, just like Phoenix. So my experience is more like in the desert conditions, right? In 2012 I moved to the US. I was based on Amarillo, Texas, but I covered all the panhandle territory, went all the way to

Las Cruces, New Mexico and service dairies all around those areas. ⁓ in 2018, I ⁓ was moved here to Idaho where I live now in the Treasure Valley, Boise. working with ⁓ dairies around here on the other valley and starting in California on the organic dairies. So that's a nutshell what I...

been doing all these years.

Mike Donaldson (03:28)
That's great. And I, and I really appreciate the different perspective, someone like you can bring in, ⁓ when we've had trainings at our home office that I'm involved with, and a couple of times people from your current part of the world that have been out and I'll sometimes take them for a ride out into the countryside around Iowa. And several times I've had people so insistent.

that you cannot be growing this corn without irrigation. I just can't see it. And I've actually stopped and had them walk out through the field and prove to them that that water just comes from the sky. We're not having to pump it. So, you know, there's a lot of different ways people dairy and it can be all, all of it can be very successful. So the thing I mentioned before, I want to talk a little bit starting out.

Depending on where you are, corn silage is a constantly growing part of a lot of dairy rations. But especially where you live and a lot of the places you work, Fredy, alfalfa, either in the form of hay or haylage, is a big part of the rest of that diet. Could you talk a little bit about your experiences? I know it's going to be mostly with hay, but maybe mention haylage and some of the things that you'd like to try to...

Try to do if you have that option to adjust a diet.

Fredy Urquia (04:56)
Sure. ⁓ So what I do ⁓ when I sit down with ⁓ a dairyman, know, we first look at, ⁓ okay, how much forage are we planning? What is our objective, right? On forage. So, you know, let's say ⁓ we're gonna feed 55 pound ⁓ dry matter. How much forage would we feed? know, the dairyman... ⁓

would like to have as much forage as he can, right? And me too, I would like at least to have 50% forage. And in most of the cases ⁓ on Mexico or Texas panhandle, ⁓ corn silage would be mostly grown on their fields, right? So that's what they have control on and that's where they can control quality and quantity, depending on the elements, obviously, right? On water.

But ⁓ once we have that number, once we have the yield, once we have ⁓ analysis of what kind of ⁓ quality we're going to deal with, ⁓ then we start looking at, ⁓ so we need to complement this with hay ⁓ or alfalfa, sorry, alfalfa, ⁓ either hay or haylage. ⁓ Mostly hay in my experience, ⁓ because ⁓ hay, ⁓ if you

If you can't control how haylage is harvested and put into your own, if it's not your own field, if you don't control moisture, if you don't control packing, you don't control inoculation of it, so haylage can turn out to be a forage that you won't be able to use because it really, when it's good it's...

Mike Donaldson (06:35)
Mm-hmm.

Sure.

Fredy Urquia (06:51)
fantastic but when it's bad it's just you know it goes to a you can't feed it you it would not ⁓ you lose two times right when you lose with the fortune lose with the cows right so but when you have good haylage cows really enjoy it you know like you get I believe with haylage you get most of the real

⁓ nutrients, know, like sugar and, and, you know, really ⁓ palatability, know, like, ⁓ haylage is, it's fantastic when it's, when it's good. And, and, hay, you know, you have a window, right? Like, ⁓ you, you have the, ⁓ you here in Idaho, you have a first, second and fourth cut and you know, you need to buy on the best ⁓ time of the year. Right. And so

It depends on how much you were able to buy and store to you complement with corn silage. So ⁓ what we do is we know how much corn we're gonna have we know how much forage we're gonna have to complete that 27 pounds 27 and half pounds or that 55 pounds of dry matter that we're gonna feed and then the complementary things like cottonseed or beet pulp or you know

whatever is missing with ⁓ the other commodities like soy best, soy plus or ⁓ bypass fats ⁓ and corn. So that's the way ⁓ I worked with clients in the past and right ⁓ now.

Mike Donaldson (08:34)
So maybe for simplicity, and let's talk about your Idaho world because there are going to be some differences with some of the other places you go. And although Agri-King is not currently sending Fredy to Saudi Arabia, we're certainly open to that someday, but I'm sure that's a whole nother variation. But in Idaho, you mentioned that most of your people grow their corn for silage. Do they usually have a

Fredy Urquia (08:50)
you

Mike Donaldson (09:02)
If I'm a dairyman in your part of Idaho, do I have someone I always buy my hay from or do I bounce around from different distributors depending on the year and what their quality is?

Fredy Urquia (09:15)
⁓ I would say, ⁓ big dairies have that problem. when I say big dairies, you know, 10,000 cows, 6,000 cows, they have to go through different providers, right? ⁓ and then, you know, they go to Nevada, they go to, Oregon, Washington, you know, so Eastern Idaho, you know, there's good hay over there. so, ⁓ I guess.

That has two answers, that question. If you're a small dairy, a thousand cow, 700 to a thousand cow dairy, you have that benefit of probably only having one guy delivering your alfalfa and that makes it easier, right? And then you can have it all sampled, you and you know you have your stacks, but with a big dairy, you don't have that luxury. You know, have to get, you know, you have to fight and get the best, you know, and

and have ⁓ enough inventory, you because that is a concern, right? Will I have enough for to go around the year, right? So ⁓ I would say on a big dairy, you have a lot of variation. that's when the nutritionist and farm manager needs to have a ⁓ test all these hay qualities, you know, and have them separate and know which time of the year you're going to use.

which stack, know, like during the summer you want to use the hay, right? Highly digestible hay, right? And maybe during the spring flush you can use a little bit less, you know,

150s ⁓ RFPs combined with another one, know, like and the 200s, you know, use them right now, right? So that's that's how we manage it.

Mike Donaldson (11:03)
So that's the kind of thing that I think is interesting. I've been in the Northeastern Midwest my whole career where an awful lot of what people feed, they grow. And we're used to partnering with our clients, talking with our prospects. Make the best you can. You're the one that decides when we're going to go out and cut. Make the best, try and get the best, nothing but the best. And sometimes the weather gives you something else, but...

Literally in your situation, when you sit down with people, you're trying to balance out, I assume, some degree of, okay, that's really great hay, but that price isn't so good. I'm going to get an inventory, I'm going to have different piles. It's not enough to feed my 10,000 cows the absolute best hay every single day, it sounds like.

Fredy Urquia (11:55)
Exactly. That's exactly how it is. You you have to adapt. You have to be creative. You have to use, you know, other byproducts that you can find in the industry. Like here we have beet pulp. We have, you know, other options that could come into place to maybe not use as much hay as we're talking about hay. You know, if you have those 140s, 150s, you know that they're not going to

be good for intakes right and so you have to probably reduce the amount that you will be able to use and compensate with other byproducts or commodities that are around and that's when you start ⁓ balancing ⁓ to get ⁓ to the sweet spot right

Mike Donaldson (12:44)
Do you, in your world is getting that, you've referenced a couple of times, you're going to work with a producer. This is the amount of corn silage I want to aim to be able to feed. Can you hit that pretty predictably that corn silage can be a foundation that doesn't have to move a lot through the year?

Fredy Urquia (13:06)
No Mike, there's years that we have 25 tons per acre and some years that we're close to 40, you know, it all depends on on weather, you know So no, it's not predictable, you ⁓ You I guess you have to play by ear and then when when you have when you have your yield at the end of ⁓ October, you know when you have everything

Mike Donaldson (13:18)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (13:35)
placed and you have analysis and that's when you start planning, okay, we need to get this hay in the spring, you know, to make this work. It's not not, you know, I would say in Texas, it was a little more ⁓ constant, you know, the yields. ⁓ Most of the corn silage in the panhandle of Texas would be on pivots, you know, so that makes it really easier to predict, you know,

Mike Donaldson (13:49)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (14:04)
to treat and to have enough water. ⁓ I would say in Texas we had a better prediction of how much yield we were going to have and how much corn we were going to be able to get for the season.

Mike Donaldson (14:21)
Okay, so while we're talking about corn silage and before we started this, you and I were just talking a little bit with Chris and the topic of BMR came up and just like all of our podcasts, I'm sure somewhere there's some really good agronomy podcasts, but that's not what we're trying to do here at all. We're talking about once it's being harvested and certainly once it's coming out of storage, then that's where we're going to talk about these things.

But you and I were talking about BMR corn, nothing to do with growing it. Yeah, it's great stuff until you get a windstorm and it's all laying flat. But what are some of the things that you're dealing with as a nutritionist, if someone has BMR corn silage?

Fredy Urquia (14:59)
Yeah, lodging, yeah.

So I would say that that's one of those situations that you need to be careful what you're wishing for because ⁓ Vmr has a lot of advantages, know, like their lignin content ⁓ has ⁓ anywhere from 5 to 10 percent ⁓ higher NDF digestibility, you know, which makes it ⁓ a faster digestion ⁓ rate of passage. ⁓ It excess the rumen faster. You get higher intakes.

you get high yields of milk, know, ⁓ for transition cows, ⁓ it's a perfect ⁓ forage because they have all this digestibility. ⁓ And then you will be able to use less ⁓ supplement, you know, less energy supplements, right? Less corn, less bypass fat. I don't want to, I don't want to

say disadvantages that you have in BMR but let's say considerations you know you'll have less yield per acre that's something that happens and ⁓ since you're gonna have more intake of the corn silage then you have to have more inventory right so it's a good problem that to have you know like cows are eating it but they're gonna go through it really fast right so you have to be careful on that and

Mike Donaldson (16:16)
Mm-hmm.

Okay.

Fredy Urquia (16:38)
⁓ More on the nutritional side, to put it on simple words, you have a fragile fiber that goes through the rumen faster, right? ⁓ Doesn't contribute a lot on the rumen med, you and you have to be careful with that because then it will, you you probably have a...

Mike Donaldson (16:52)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (17:04)
Acidosis or less chewing effect cut chewing effect. So ⁓ It is you know in Texas I remember ⁓ they were aiming for two or four millimeters ⁓ on longer fiber length, know, and you know, if you were formulating for 30 to

28 NDF on the total ration, had to be careful. You know, had to go to maybe to 33 to 35 percent NDF because you get less physical effecting NDF. So sometimes we had to use straw to make to make up that to get to that number. Right. it's a great don't get me wrong. ⁓ It's a great ⁓ crop. ⁓ But I don't I I think that if you're going to just feed BMR, you have to

Mike Donaldson (17:43)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (17:58)
Be careful what you're doing. ⁓ Have a lot of samples. Take a look at manure and cut chewing and see your components where they're going because you might be lacking of that rooming mat, that fermentation. And it's going to be a high rate of passage what you're going to have on that room. And so you need to... ⁓

be really, really ⁓ looking at signs on the cows, right? But it's a great product. In my personal experience, I used it with ⁓ a conventional one, like maybe 70-30, 60-40, and we ended up having a good result. But honestly, I've never fed it alone. I fed sorghum silage, BMR sorghum silage in Mexico. ⁓

Mike Donaldson (18:52)
Mm-hmm

Fredy Urquia (18:53)
it was really good, but lodging was a big, big problem. So you had to harvest it. And then it was a place that we had a lot of wind, so ⁓ you had to harvest it. You had to be really harvesting when wind was predicted to come. So sometimes it was not mature enough. So that makes it even worse, right? Less fiber.

Mike Donaldson (18:57)
Bye.

Ha!

Yeah

Yeah. Well, yeah,

I've never, I've never reason I'm smiling and laughing so much. I'm used to trying to figure out when it's going to rain, when the sun's going to come out. I've never even considered having to harvest based on wind predictions.

Fredy Urquia (19:33)
Yeah.

This is North Central. ⁓ It's ⁓ right there where El Paso is. ⁓ So there was a lot of wind there all the time. You so this is where these dairies were based. They did this for three or four years, but the problem was lodging and they decided not to continue with it. But it was great. It fed really great on the cows.

Mike Donaldson (19:43)
Sure.

Yeah.

I want to ask another question about the Idaho world, and then I would like to get a little bit of ⁓ the work you do in Mexico, I find very intriguing. So I want to come back to that in a second. You had mentioned that ⁓ beet pulp ⁓ was a good source of fiber in Idaho when you were needing something. ⁓

Once again, in the Midwest, it's always soy hulls first, soy hulls second, then cottonseed. You've got to be farming in the right place. The Thumb in Michigan, parts of Minnesota for beet pulp to be really affordable. What are your sources of commodity fibers when you do need to go that direction?

Fredy Urquia (20:43)
⁓ So, pulp would be number one because we have a lot of plants here. Amalgamated is one of the biggest ones on sugar production, you know, and so there's a big fight on contracts with them, you know, to get ⁓ beet pulp, you know, everyone's fighting to get some and they use a beet pulp shreds, you know, which are even better, ⁓ higher content of sugar and, you know, pectins and so very digestible, very palatable.

Mike Donaldson (21:06)
Yeah.

Fredy Urquia (21:13)
We also have ⁓ Soybean holes as well. Sometimes you can get ⁓ a ⁓ citrus pulp from California ⁓ Almond holes also it's a it's an option but ⁓ really ⁓ The best you know, the the the big fight is about beet pulp I don't I don't see a lot of almond holes here in Idaho. I see it more in Oregon

Mike Donaldson (21:24)
really?

Mm-hmm.

Fredy Urquia (21:41)
but ⁓ those would be the source. So you know if you're not, if you don't get ⁓ a contract with ⁓ Beets, probably soy hulls would be the next ⁓ choice. We do feed, ⁓ most of the farms feed cottonseed. We do get cottonseed, you we feed I don't know anywhere from three to five pounds you know and

Mike Donaldson (22:01)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (22:07)
Sometimes prices are really ridiculous, you know, but right now it's you know, it's okay we can use it, you know, they got good contracts and But those are you know, if you go to I don't know 10 dairies I would say six of them are using cottonseed

Mike Donaldson (22:25)
Okay. Okay. So let's, let's go to your experiences in Mexico. That that's, that's something I really would like to hear. ⁓ I'm sure even compared to probably, especially in Idaho, but even Texas in some ways, that's gotta be a whole nother, ⁓ set of variables that you deal with in Mexico. Tell us about Mexican Daring.

Fredy Urquia (22:47)
Absolutely. ⁓ genetics are the same, Mike. Genetics are universal, right? You can get same genetics anywhere. The expression of those genetics has a different story, right? ⁓ But ⁓ I would say ⁓ a farm that was built five years ago in Mexico has the same technology, has the same

Mike Donaldson (22:59)
I

Fredy Urquia (23:14)
milking parlour, same softwares, everything would be really the same. You would be surprised ⁓ to see how well-technified these dairies are. I am talking about the dairies in, ⁓ there's three pockets in Mexico. The most important is North Central, where Chihuahua and Coahuila states. And then you go to Central Mexico, where Queretaro,

it's close to Mexico City and then you go to Jalisco. Those are the sites that you will find big dairies, know, and when I say big dairies, a thousand cows on, they are really well technified. We have ⁓ big issues with water in the central part of the country, ⁓ drought, every year is a drought, so we have to use a... ⁓

aquifers then we go way way deep to get water you know 300 meters you know 400 meters it's you know you have to go way way down and the quality of water is not good at all you know ⁓ so it's it's tough you know it's tough there's a irrigation district you know and but like this year

there was no water on the dams and on the reservoirs. So this year they didn't get enough water. So the yields will be terrible. ⁓ So we rely on hay, know, production of hay. Most of the hay is with ⁓ wells, you know, it doesn't depend on the irrigation district. So ⁓ forage is a challenge. So we have another disadvantage. ⁓

Mike Donaldson (24:36)
⁓

Fredy Urquia (25:02)
Corn, cottonseed, soybean meal come from the US. So you have to haul it from long distances. Everything is 20, 25% higher in price because of that. minerals also come from here. if you think of a diet here, a 55 pound diet that would be around $12, over there is going to be 14.

Mike Donaldson (25:14)
Yes?

Fredy Urquia (25:30)
$15, know, because everything is everything is higher. ⁓ Cut and seed, you name it. So it's a challenge, know, so anyone that wants to get a cheaper diet needs to grow ⁓ their own forage, control it, harvest for quality, you know, not yield because you're not going to get the yield. You have to aim for quality. And ⁓ there is that ⁓

Mike Donaldson (25:32)
Really?

Mm-hmm

Fredy Urquia (25:58)
are trying to expand and they can't because they don't have enough farm grounds, because the first thing you need to assure is your forage. And there's farms that haul forage, I don't know, a thousand miles away, which is ridiculous. Yeah, you can go from central Mexico all the way to Tijuana to get hay, because there's no hay in Chihuahua this year.

Mike Donaldson (26:07)
Mm-hmm.

My gosh.

Fredy Urquia (26:26)
It's tough, it's not easy, know, it's really, really tough to be a dairyman over there, but Mexico is not auto sufficient in milk, know, so any guy that makes it on the industry will keep growing, keep growing, keep growing, because there's a lot of powder being imported to supply the demand of milk in Mexico. it's a really tough place to be.

Mike Donaldson (26:28)
Yeah!

Fredy Urquia (26:56)
But that's where ⁓ I always wanted Agri-King to come in to Mexico to, you know, since we're looking for quality, you know, our technologies can bring ⁓ assistance and great products to make those ⁓ forages, nutrients more available for them. That is my aim. That's why I insist a lot on getting there. It's been tough, but we're going to get there. ⁓

Mike Donaldson (27:17)
Mm-hmm

Fredy Urquia (27:26)
Forage quality and quantity is a big limit. And over there is the opposite. would say diets are 60% concentrated and 40% forage because there's not enough forage. So it's tough. And you don't see the 4% butter fats with those rations. You struggle to get 350, 340.

Mike Donaldson (27:51)
my, okay. Well, I know you've been, I know you're working really hard. I don't want to jinx anything, but the most recent updates I've heard is that we're getting very close to the approval that it needs to actually go there and help those dairymen as well. That's, we really appreciate your effort on that. Wouldn't be happening without you. So you're going to be our first trial case or victim. I don't know how I want to put that.

Fredy Urquia (28:02)
Yes, sir.

boy.

Mike Donaldson (28:19)
When we have a nutritionist on, I want you to tell me, and I think we'll pin it down a little bit, because you work in such a big area. I want to find out if I was an Idaho dairyman, if I'm one of your clients, and we're sitting down ahead of the coming cropping season, what do you want your dream ration to look like for a milk cow?

Chris Radke (28:34)
Thanks.

Mike Donaldson (28:47)
And you think for a second, ⁓ do you want BMR and conventional corn and what split? What do you want as far as, hey, I don't want to get all the way into the percent soluble versus bypass. I'm not trying to get that far into the weeds, but if you were to jump on an elevator with me and between the first and the eighth floor, you were going to tell me what you'd like me to feed. What direction would you send me?

Fredy Urquia (29:17)
Okay, yeah, so If I think again on that 55 pound dry matter ration Those 27 pounds of forage I would like to have a 50 50 55 Forage, I would move between 50 and 55. Okay On that let's say on that 50 percent forage. I would really like to be on

Mike Donaldson (29:25)
Mm-hmm

Fredy Urquia (29:46)
60 % corn silage. If we can have a combination of BMR and conventional, that'd be great. But on real sense, I think we'd be conventional here in Idaho. I would like to see a good dry matter on that corn silage. And I when I say good, let's put a number to it between 35% and 38% dry matter. I want to see that.

I want to have ⁓ a 38% starch, you know, on that silage. And I would like to have enough to ⁓ go year round and not have to make adjustments on, you know, like we're in, like right now, we're about to be done, you know, and we need to, it's already almost to harvest, but we need to the step on the brakes, right? I don't like those changes, you so.

Mike Donaldson (30:39)
Thank

Fredy Urquia (30:44)
I would really like to feed more corn silage than alfalfa. I think alfalfa, I would like to be able to be picky on the alfalfa, know, just by the best of the season, you know, ⁓ and reject alfalfa that is not, because I have a big inventory of corn silage, because I'm now...

Mike Donaldson (31:00)
Mm-hmm.

Fredy Urquia (31:10)
in control of most of my forage, I would like to be very picky on the hay that we're gonna buy, you know, and ⁓ that would be my ideal situation, you know, that's what I would really like you to ⁓ or a dairyman to be flexible on, you hey, let's do our best on our corn salad, let's aim for that dry matter, let's do the agronomic side to get it.

Mike Donaldson (31:15)
Okay.

Fredy Urquia (31:37)
insect control and that on all of that and just harvest when the corn is ready, you know, not when the when your harvester wants, right? Like, ⁓ no, no, no, when I want, right? Like when it's ready, when this field is ready, go in, harvest it, have a great dry matter and then buy the alfalfa. You know, that that will be my

Mike Donaldson (31:46)
Ha

That's perfect.

Well, Fredy, you have been an absolute delight. I've loved the way this has gone. I always feel a little bit smarter after I do these. I get to talk to really smart people and pick up some of things I'm curious about. So no, I appreciate you joining us. Chris, what'd you learn today?

Chris Radke (32:19)
My big takeaway is just I guess Freddy just kind of his little insights into how a dairy farm operates in Mexico.

just the trouble or the hardship of you have to go maybe a thousand miles to get hay just seems ridiculous when I can go like 20 minutes down the road and get some hay here. So I think that's just, or how hard it is to get water, you know, it's just things that I don't normally think about because we have it, but I think it helps everybody else think about different ways of operating. And it's just opening our eyes for things like that. And I really liked that. So thank you, Fredy. If you liked what we talked about, you can find us just about on any socials, find us there. Please leave us a review. It helps us get more.

views to our podcast. We can find us on our website at agriking.com and if you have any questions or follow-ups you can email us at podcast@agriking.com and if you'd like to name Mike's cow with the yellow booties give us some suggestions and Mike will show it for us. Yeah look at that thing. Give us some suggestions and we'll see what we can do. All right Fredy and Mike thank you so much for your time.

Mike Donaldson (33:14)
Yeah.

Fredy Urquia (33:26)
Thank you guys.

Mike Donaldson (33:27)
Hey, thank you guys.

Appreciate it, Fredy. Thank you so much.

Fredy Urquia (33:30)
Anytime.