MEDIASCAPE: Insights From Digital Changemakers

The Power of Superfans: Building Revenue with a Minimal Viable Audience with Ethan Monkhouse

Hosted by Joseph Itaya & Anika Jackson Episode 78

The digital marketing landscape is shifting dramatically, and Ethan Monkhouse is at the forefront of this revolution. As co-founder of Naviro, he's democratizing access to sophisticated marketing strategies that were once the exclusive domain of those who could afford $5,000+ monthly agency retainers.

During our conversation, Ethan reveals his journey from a computer science background to marketing innovator. His entrepreneurial spark ignited when, as a teenager, he built websites for local restaurants and small businesses in his hometown. What began as free website development evolved into paid content creation services—an early lesson in value delivery that would later inform Naviro's business model.

The breakthrough moment came with recent advances in artificial intelligence. "We can now make inferences off qualitative data," Ethan explains, describing how this technological leap finally allowed marketers to measure the impact of organic content with unprecedented precision. This capability forms the foundation of Naviro's platform, which creates digital replicas of brands—capturing everything from values to linguistic patterns—to generate authentic content that mirrors the brand's unique voice.

Ethan shares counterintuitive discoveries about content engagement, revealing that the most compelling content often features a personality type opposite to the audience consuming it. This natural "pattern interrupt" creates friction that drives deeper engagement—challenging conventional wisdom about content creation.

For creators concerned about monetization with small audiences, Ethan offers valuable perspective: "It doesn't matter how many followers you have; that will come with consistency." He emphasizes that accounts with just a thousand followers can sometimes generate more revenue than those with millions by focusing on driving specific actions rather than passive consumption. This approach transforms listeners or viewers into active participants who engage with additional resources or make purchases.

Whether you're a student preparing for the AI-transformed workplace, a small business owner looking to maximize your marketing efforts, or a creator trying to monetize your passion, this episode delivers actionable insights that will help you thrive in the evolving digital landscape. The future belongs to those who understand that success isn't about impressing people with your content—it's about making them feel seen.

This podcast is proudly sponsored by USC Annenberg’s Master of Science in Digital Media Management (MSDMM) program. An online master’s designed to prepare practitioners to understand the evolving media landscape, make data-driven and ethical decisions, and build a more equitable future by leading diverse teams with the technical, artistic, analytical, and production skills needed to create engaging content and technologies for the global marketplace. Learn more or apply today at https://dmm.usc.edu.

Speaker 1:

And I would really encourage everyone irrespective of whether you think AI is going to impact your industry or not, which it is going to impact every industry to do that, and it's good to keep aware of what's happening there. You don't have to stay up to date on the news and stuff when it comes to, oh, there's this new model release and stuff like that. You do need to stay up to date with the news that is relevant to your industry.

Speaker 2:

Welcome to Mediascape insights from digital changemakers, a speaker series and podcast brought to you by USC Annenberg's Digital Media Management Program. Join us as we unlock the secrets to success in an increasingly digital world. Hi everybody, and thank you so much for joining us on this week's episode of Mediascape Insights from Digital Changemakers. And today we are joined by Ethan Monkhouse, who's actually coming to us from across the pond I believe you're over in Ireland today. Ethan is the co-founder of Naviro and we're going to talk about his journey, about revenue, about his studio and what he sees coming down the pipeline in this booming creator economy. Thanks so much, ethan, for being with us.

Speaker 1:

Glad to be here. Thanks for having me on.

Speaker 2:

Ethan, I want to start off by just asking you very simply one thing what's your biggest piece of advice right now for anybody who is thinking about getting involved in the creator economy? If you could sum that up in 30 to 60 seconds, and then we'll jump back and start talking about your journey.

Speaker 1:

It's not about capturing attention anymore. It's all about fostering intent. That is it in a nutshell. I could expand out on that for days, but it all boils down to that. One line is where we're at right now.

Speaker 2:

Tell me just a little bit more about that capturing intent. I'm so interested because that could go in so many different directions, yeah.

Speaker 1:

So everyone focuses on hooks how to capture people's attention online. It's all about scroll stoppers and all that, but a lot less people focus on okay, what happens when they do scroll, like, what do you want them to do after? So you just want them to sit there and watch your content or to like a post like what is the intent you want to foster? And that's where the focus needs to be, because when you foster intent, you get a user or the person on the other side of the screen to do one thing, and that's lean in. Like, leaning in is what you want them to do. You want them to lean into your content because when they do that, they're seeing some form of value, whether it be immediate, perceived, or future. They're seeing value of thoughts. That's causing them to lean in, which is fostering intent, and intent leads to one main thing, which is action.

Speaker 2:

We talk about creating compelling content in our program all the time and people go well, what does that mean exactly? And so what we talk about is how the root of the word compelling is to compel, to compel action, and that's exactly what you're talking about Compelling content that creates intent and action. Thank you, ethan. Well, that's fantastic. Ethan, take us back if you wouldn't mind. How did you get started in this world and what led you to founding this wonderful company?

Speaker 1:

Yeah, it's definitely been quite a journey. To be honest, I did not come from a marketing background. I actually came from a computer science background. I studied computer science and business over in Trinity well up in Dublin and before that well, I had a brief stint in investment banking. But where the first glimpse of marketing and digital marketing came from was when I was in I'm not too sure what they call it in the States, but primary school, I think it's called. I actually don't know what it's called. Is it middle school, high school? I don't know what it is. You're about 15 or something like that.

Speaker 2:

But that's the beginning of high school for us.

Speaker 1:

And what I did was I realized in the town I was from that none of the restaurants or small businesses had websites. So I made them websites and I didn't charge for it and that was great. They were so happy. They were like, oh yeah, you, we have a website now and all this. And a few months later they got back to me and they were like, well, how do we make the content to go up on the website? And then I was like, well, I can do that for you and that's when I could start charging. And so then I had the first kind of glimpse into the digital marketing world and the form of content creation.

Speaker 1:

Over the years that kind of snowballed into my first set of agencies and then moved into high performance marketing. That was the kind of the numbers side of me honing in on paid traffic because it was so quantitative and so measurable and that's where the first bits of Nivero started to form. So when I was running Typed, which was my previous agency, that was very focused around numbers how much is going in, how much is coming out. It was very measurable, it was a very clear funnel and I always had clients and stuff come to me and be like, well, how do we do this for organic? How can you measure this organic traffic and stuff and how can you measure the value that these campaigns are creating? And I was like, well, that's the reason I don't do organic. And then we had this breakthrough in AI and look, a lot of people have a lot of thoughts around AI and it's done a lot of amazing things. But for me, the one thing where the penny dropped was when I was like, well, we can now make inferences off qualitative data. For that I mean, we can now make decisions and make assumptions that are fairly accurate, based on data that previously we wouldn't have been able to and that translates to we can now measure organic campaigns, we can measure the impact content is having and put it down to a number. And when that clicked a matter, I was like we need to make a platform out of this.

Speaker 1:

And another aspect was leveling the playing field With the agencies. It was all about getting the best quality marketing, the best top level strategy, the best top of the market strategies, but at a high cost. Agency retainers are expensive. It excludes 90% of those small businesses, those businesses that people are starting to decide, the individuals. They need these strategies but don't have the financial capacity to fund them. And with Naviro, that's what we did. We've packaged these phenomenal strategies that have been tweaked over a decade of just seeing the market change and instead of 5,000, 6, six thousand a month, they're paying 50 quid a month or fifty dollars a month, and for me, that was a big part of it, making that accessible to the person who wants to start a little jewelry business on the side but doesn't know where to start marketing wise. And that's where we are today. We've launched the product. We serve B2B, we serve B2C pushing a bit hard on the B2C now, but it's really just. It's great to see that value and that reason we built the platform. Follow through.

Speaker 2:

Ethan, you mentioned just a second ago about a small jewelry business, so give me an example of what kind of business is just the right fit for your company and how you'd help them get started on Navira right at the beginning of their interaction with you.

Speaker 1:

Yeah, we started off on music. I won't go into that. I will kind of hone in on the jewelry example and let's just say, yeah, you decide oh, you know what I have an interest in making jewelry, homemade jewelry. You make a few pieces but then you're like, well, how do I push this out? That's where they come on to Navira, that's when they put in the name of the jewelry business and we do a lot of the heavy lifting.

Speaker 1:

So, instead of you going and typing out, I do this, I like to see this, I like this. My vision, this is my mission, this is my goal. We figure out what that all is and we present it to you to tell us what to change. So, instead of you having to spend hours because that's where you see drop off, that's where you see people lose motivation to complete that sort of onboarding, so we figure out we could do a pretty good job. To be fair, like a lot of the time it doesn't need much changing and we'll tell you okay, this is what we think your mission is, this is what we think your brand is about, what your target audience is, where you need to position yourself, your content pillars, why we think those are your content pillars and the distribution about them. This is your goal.

Speaker 1:

How do you want to be perceived? What's your tone of voice? And this is where it gets kind of crazy, where, for every account that we bring on board, every brand, we create a digital replica of them. It's called the identity of the account. That identity encapsulates everything they want to be known for online Everything from what they value to exactly how they speak, their cadence.

Speaker 1:

Exactly how they speak their cadence, for example, one of the big differentiators, say, with Naviro, compared to your average chat GPT or something, is when you ask chat GPT to create me an Instagram post or create me a promotional post, it's going to write in some quite generic tone of voice where you can look at it and be like that was written by Chachi BD. And the difference with Naviro is it knows how you speak, it's seen types of content you've pushed out before. It knows exactly how to replicate that, and so the caption it's going to come up with is going to be a perfect mirror of your cadence and your tone and any linguistic patterns you use, which we found has just been key to connecting with the audience whilst leveraging the benefits of AI.

Speaker 2:

I'm scrolling on your website right now as we're talking, and picking up your platform. It's marvelous and it looks like you're using AI to customize social media content and figure out how to optimize based on audience top engagers. So it's posts, peer and competitor analysis, etc. And it's all done in this automated way by understanding exactly maybe even better than the clients do who their audiences are really, what their product is, how it's being perceived and perception is a really important part of all of this, both on the side of the audience, but then also for the brands.

Speaker 1:

Yeah, it's definitely what was one of the most technically challenging things to solve, most technically challenging things for us to solve, because people do not act themselves online and for us that was really difficult to figure out. Okay, so you act this way online, but what is the true you Like, what is the you behind the screen? And being able to peel back that layers and developing that technology to be able to do that took a while and we eventually got there. And now I mean to date, I've never gotten on a call talking about the personality type feature where it hasn't nailed their personality type with 100% match. And it's really interesting here because we had a look at all the different scientifically backed and non-scientifically backed models that are based around personality type, on segmenting personalities. What was really interesting was the one we ended up settling on was the one everyone's heard of Maya Briggs, which is non-scientific. It's not scientifically backed. It's based off, effectively, a mother observing her child, and that's why it works so well, because it's applying observation rather than applying numbers and applying the mathematical side of things, and it's also what all the social channels use to push out content. So if you can match a profile to a personality type, well then, that's step one.

Speaker 1:

Step two is figuring out, okay, what false indications online of this personality type equals the true personality type. So someone might act a particular way online which is actually not accurate to who they are, and the only reason we can know that is because of the volume of profiles we've analyzed. Start to see trends across. Oh, this enfj personality type, yeah, is doing something specific online that we've seen another enfj personality type done, ado, but it's an indicative of a infj personality type. Is there correlation? Then we tag it and then, when it pops up again, and eventually, the more and more profiles we analyze, we build a model as to when this happens. It means that this and so that's step two.

Speaker 1:

And then step three is applying not just that personality type to the brand, but applying the personality type to every piece of content they put out, because, in that logic you can apply, every piece of content has a distinct personality type that it projects, and what was so interesting when this happened was that you'd expect the audience to receive that type of content, to be the same personality type, to be the same personality type, but the most viral and most engaging and most high converting content was where the personality type of the content was the polar opposite of the audience consuming it.

Speaker 1:

We found the reasoning behind that was, when it comes to content creation, there's hooks, which is like how you phrase things, how you hook the user in. But then there's also the concept of a pattern interrupt, which is, if I take my AirPods, drop it and it makes a noise. That's how you start a video. That's a pattern interrupt. And what we found was the natural abrasion between the two personality types the content and the audience perceiving it was in itself like an organic pattern interrupt because it was so different to what they would naturally consume, which was like phenomenal. When we figured this out and then we started pushing more and more and we realized wait a minute, this happens every time.

Speaker 2:

Guys, anybody who's listening I encourage you to join me and jump over to naviroai, and it's just amazing to me and through these powers of technology and the kind of scale that you can reach that for this low monthly price that I'm seeing here that people are able to jump in. Take advantage of all of these tools that will compound what these businesses do best so that they can again focus on. If you're a jewelry shop or a restaurant or whatever, that you can focus on doing that well and then let technology help you multiply. I want to ask you about music in a second, but because we're now talking about AI and so many people were seeing it disrupt industries, I think it's disrupting industries faster than anything that I've seen in my lifetime. There have always been disruptors that have happened, but they took decades. This is happening, like every week there's some new disruptor that's changing things. So can you talk to people who are specifically our students, who are thinking about how to future-proof themselves and their careers, for how to utilize AI and not be replaced by it?

Speaker 1:

And a hundred percent. It is moving at a rate that we have never seen before. We've seen, I'm sure, this happened with the printing press. People thought books were evil, and then upskill and adaptation happened. Happened with TVs when they came out, they thought they were evil, but the difference between those instances and now is, yeah, the exponential progress that is happening, in the sense where it is, it moves so quickly and it's right to feel kind of uncertain about, okay, this is the career trajectory I'm on, but is that trajectory even going to exist in a year's time?

Speaker 1:

And I think the well, the concern shouldn't be oh, ai is going to take over my job.

Speaker 1:

I think the concern and the focus should be ai is not going to take over your job, but someone who knows how to utilize ai will, and I think it's very important of for in university and programs where they're unsure of that, or even if it's on their peripheral, bring it into your scope, because learning how AI is going to impact your industry is the first step and then learning where you can leverage on it, and I think to figure that out, the easiest thing to do is genuinely ask ChatGBT I'm a big advocate for like MVE, I call it, which is like minimal, viable effort, the minimum amount of effort you need to take to get something done to the best quality.

Speaker 1:

And with this specific instance, you could spend hours and hours researching and researching and researching.

Speaker 1:

Or you can go into ChatGBT and there's a little plus icon on the bottom left. You click add and then click web search and what that does is it allows ChatGPT to access the web and then you just give the question like I am studying XYZ in XYZ, I want to stay ahead of the curve and when it comes to AI advancements in that industry, how do I ensure I stay there, upskill and make sure I am at the frontier of the development? And ChatGPT is going to give you a pretty good answer. It's going to give you the direction to focus in on, and I would really encourage everyone irrespective of whether you think AI is going to impact your industry or not, which it is going to impact every industry to do that, and it's good to keep aware of what's happening there. You don't have to stay up to date on the news and stuff. When it comes to, oh, there's this new model release and stuff like that, you do need to stay up to date with the news that is relevant to your industry.

Speaker 2:

Thank you for saying all of that. We are assigning our students now, encouraging and assigning them to explore these platforms and to use them in their weekly assignments. Because can you imagine if you were graduating from a program and you went out to a job interview and they saw which AI platforms are you really adept in? How are you going to multiply your efforts? By the way, I love that MVE. If you don't mind, I'm going to share that wonderful idea because, it's true, you know we want to maximize our effort and so if you can put MVE into 50 different places throughout the day, that's just smart. So thank you for that. I really love that. But again, can you imagine if you went into a job interview? It'd be like an engineer saying oh, you know, I don't use a calculator, I prefer to do it the old-fashioned way with a. You know, I would do my arithmetic with a pencil. It just won't go well, right? We need our digital professionals to come out with every available tool so that they can compound their effort.

Speaker 1:

And I think that's where, like we were hiring, even with our hiring process, it's completely changed in the sense where I went through the typical software engineering hiring process of the code, challenges, the culture, fit challenges, all automated until you've gone through a couple rounds and then you get on the phone with the person. But how we've changed in the sense where we don't look for okay, were you able to do this to I don't know, using the same we don't look for, say, okay, how are you using this concept that was learned, guaranteed gradient descent, let's say, for building out this specific vector database that was calling out a technical question, out this specific vector database that was calling out a technical question, very technical answer. We stopped caring about that because we realized that it's about were they able to do it and how long did it take them to do it, to get it to a working standard? And the engineers are the strongest nowadays are the ones that are like I don't really know what that is, but I built this app, I deployed it, I got it running and I did this all while I was studying for my finals or something, and then that's the case that that's now possible now, and I find that like for us that's like.

Speaker 1:

That's fantastic. That is exactly what we're looking for, because we know we can train you on the technicals. We know we can explain to you this is what gradient descent is. We also know they've probably Googled it on chat or they've probably chat GBT'd it whilst on that interview and that actually happened in one instance where they didn't know what gradient descent was, but then by the end of the interview they knew exactly what it was, because they had pulled up in the tab. And I was like, exactly, we shouldn't be kind of tested on that past knowledge, but our ability to kind of analyze the situation, react to it and get an answer, irrespective.

Speaker 2:

Yeah, yeah, figure it out is one of the most important tools that we have now, to just be adaptable and to say I don't have the answer. But if you give me a pretty short amount of time, I'll figure out the answer and educate myself on it with the help of these amazing tools. I want to ask you a question about podcasting and this story about a podcaster who had less than a thousand downloads and was able to turn that into some revenue. Can you talk about podcasting and revenue and how you've been able to optimize that for all of our folks? Here we have a lot of students who are developing podcasts and want to figure out ways to develop, whether it's their side hustles, so to speak, or whether it's their main thing. How can podcasters begin to build revenue even in the early stages, when they, you know, haven't made 100 episodes and they might not have a 100,000?

Speaker 1:

Yeah. So I think podcasting is such an interesting space online purely because it is quite a saturated market right now, as in like to cut through the noise to find the podcast, to find your groove, but to find your positioning within the market is difficult. But what I find very fascinating is a lot of podcasters I speak to are like infatuated or they're fixated on the numbers. The actual view counts and the how many people listened. When those numbers will come? If you're consistent that's just, it's a blanket rule consistency equals your numbers will grow. But where I think there's a lack of focus is goes back to intent. What do you want them to do? Do you want them to listen all the way through and then drop off? Or do you want them to listen for five minutes and then you say something that causes them to open their phone and google it or look something up? Or do you mention something within that podcast that makes them go? Oh, I must remember to take note of that. I must remember to get that, which that's where you can actually direct them more to revenue generating listener rather than just a passive listener. Because, example say you're doing a podcast on aviation, I like flying. Say you're doing a podcast on aviation and 10 minutes in. You know majority of your listeners are going to have an interest in planes or they're going to have an. Maybe they're learning to fly. And 10 minutes in, you know majority of your listeners are going to have an interest in planes or they're going to have an interest, maybe they're learning to fly. And 10 minutes in, you're like well, I actually found this tool and it allowed me to study for my exams while I was doing three different jobs and I managed to pass them first time, but we'll talk about that later. But if anyone wants to check it out, just hop onto my website and you can pull it from there. And what that's going to do is people are going to pause it. They're going to go onto the website. You can have an email capture there and then you can have the resource and then they'll come back to the podcast. They won't drop off because you've just given them value and they'll finish listening. But in 10 minutes you just got an action and you've now got their email, which means means you've got a touch point, which means any sort of additional resources relevant to them you can get to them.

Speaker 1:

So that would be my general approach to the low follower count, the low listener count, low follower count, but maximizing the LTV of your listener. Because, like for me as well, like I've got, I don't have many followers. I thinkin's probably my most and it baffles me when I'm chatting to about his friends, when I'm chatting to them and they've got hundreds of thousands, some of them even had I think the highest was 1.3 million. One of them had and we were making more revenue off our accounts with a thousand followers than they were. Now. Thankfully, we've we've worked with them, they've figured that one out and they're making good revenue out of it. But it's the fixation on the follower count. It doesn't matter, that will come with consistency.

Speaker 2:

You said minimum viable effort. One of the things that we talk about in our program is your minimum viable audience and how it's much better to have a smaller group of really passionate, connected folks that you're in contact with, that really care about what you're saying. Who are you going to go out and evangelize your product? Better to think about that than to think about, like you said, these vanity metrics of big, huge audiences that maybe don't move at all.

Speaker 1:

Some brands and companies may look at those numbers, but in the end it's much more important to develop that minimum viable audience that could identify them, because the identification then was volatile, it was liquid, depending on every brand and every account and every genre or every industry, and so you actually had to, with every account, figure out what is a super fan first, what is a super fan of this account, use that as the control and then find more like them, and that's super important.

Speaker 1:

I love minimal, viable audience. That's great, because that's exactly important. I love minimal, viable audience. That's great because that's exactly where people's focus need to be when it comes to growing online, because what's going to happen is you're not fostering that audience for the sole purpose of financial gain. You're getting them to emotionally invest, but also financially invest. And the emotional side is because, if you do it correctly, you don't need to market because they become your marketing, they advocate for you and you do that correct and just monitoring the correct signals, but then having the right mechanisms to activate that advocacy, you're sorted. You don't have to run any ads, you don't have to push out any sort of billboard advertising or anything like that, because the audience do the marketing for you. They are the most genuine form of advertising, which is word of mouth.

Speaker 2:

I really appreciate this. I've learned so much that I've learned what I need to learn here and I'm going to move on. Then there are some conversations, like what we're having right now, where my interest is so peaked that this is just making me excited and hungry to book some one-on-one time with you, go to your website, to have you back on our podcast again, invite you to come and do some speaking, because I'm now so intrigued by all of the knowledge, by all of the things that you have discovered, that I just want more. So I just want to take a second and say that Now I know we're running out of time pretty soon here, but, ethan, you mentioned music and I'm very interested in that, because the music industry is going through such incredible changes, and you mentioned earlier that you started with music. Could you circle back to the work that you've done in the music space and tell me what you meant by that?

Speaker 1:

started. That was the identification of super fans. Super fans wore this term, this buzz term in the music space, that it was a bit of a black box. No one knew how to identify them, but they knew they were so valuable. We were in a I think it was my co-founder, lola. She was in new york with uh, having a meeting with a kind of industry exec, and this is where they were like we just can't identify it and we're like, well, we've built something that could pretty much do that if we tweaked a few things and that caused that shift and that focus to go around superfans.

Speaker 1:

And where we really gained traction was the management labels, management companies and the labels, because artists a lot of the time cannot afford even at $49 a month. They can't afford that service because it's a very competitive space, very competitive and it takes a while to get off the ground. So by partnering with management labels, management companies and labels, they would foot the bill but the value would be passed down to the artist and what this allowed them to do is you could have the management org have access to all their different artists and be able to monitor them cross-platform, and then the artists can have individual access, they can say, okay, what worked? Here I posted something we do content analysis, but at a much deeper level, to say, oh, we've noticed that when you played the guitar with the phone placed I don't know on your couch, that works. That triggers some sort of spike in engagement, but actual valuable engagement comments.

Speaker 1:

Sentiment is actually not just positive, and that's where it gets really interesting is because a lot of people measure sentiment just positive, negative, neutral. That's not it it's. You need to measure the intent associated with the comments. You need to measure the how much your content is making people feel seen. You're not trying to impress people with your content, you're trying to make them feel seen. And I think, when it comes to monitoring sentiment, when you see comments like, oh my God, this is me, or I can relate so much to this, that is the engagement you need to double down on and that's what we pick up on.

Speaker 2:

Amazing, fantastic. What's fantastic about the music industry and speaking as somebody who's been in the music industry my entire life is that connection between releasing music and then engaging with that audience and then doing it again and again and again is the most crystal clear, simple and perfect example of the entrepreneurial journey which you yourself have been on for quite some time that idea of high quality on brand consistent pipeline of content, reaching out to your audience, having a feedback loop so that you can iterate and continue to make new content. So thank you for sharing all of that. Ethan, I want to thank you for your time and I'm so excited to follow up with you. My brain is buzzing with ideas and questions for things that we could potentially work on together.

Speaker 2:

And students, I encourage you and anybody who's listening to check out again naviroai N-A-V-I-R-Oai, see what Ethan is up, to Dig through his platform, learn, get curious, ask questions, send an email over and figure out ways. As Ethan mentioned, everything's changing so quickly. We all need to be in an entrepreneurial mindset and be drivers of change, not reactors to it. So, ethan, I want to thank you for your time. Is there any last things that you want to share with us before we jump off?

Speaker 1:

I mean thanks for having me. It's been a great chat and I think, if anyone wants to find me an email, any questions that you mentioned there's a lot of people trying to grow podcasts and things on the side like happy to point them in the right direction. I know there's a lot of tools there that come to mind that will speed things up Low lift, high output. But thanks so much for having me. It was great.

Speaker 2:

All right, fantastic. Thanks everybody for joining us here. On Mediascape, we've been with Ethan Monkhouse, co-founder of Naviro. Media Escape We've been with Ethan Monkhouse, co-founder of Naviro and we look forward to future conversations and engagement with you. Thanks, Ethan. Thanks so much. To learn more about the Master of Science in Digital Media Management program, visit us on the web at dmmuscedu.